Research
We study teaching and learning of physics and other sciences. We wish to understand the knowledge structures on which physical understanding and deductions are built. Our aim is to produce information that is directly useful for teaching and teacher education.
We also study student preconceptions, motivation and other factors influencing their studies. We wish to understand not only how students succeed in their studies but also student well-being and ways to support it.
Research topics
Attitudes and commitment
There are many factors in play when people decide if they want to pursue studies and on what topic. Likewise, whether or not they graduate is also influenced by many things. We research these factors in various ways. We are interested in how student attitudes affect studying and how studying affects attitudes. We also research the role of external factors in students’ motivation and commitment.
Representations
Different kinds of representations such as images, plots, equations, simulations and demonstrations are central in the theory and teaching of physics. We study how these representations are used when learning and how they could be better used in teaching. We are especially interested in comparing concrete and abstract representations such as demonstrations and mathematical equations.
Scientific procedures
Procedures such as modelling, explaining and experimenting are thought to be important ways to learn physics. We are interested in the role of such procedures in learning and teaching.
Our publications
- E. Palmgren et al., Roles of mathematics in physics education: A systematic review, Physical Review Physics Education Research 21, 020602 (2025)
- A. Lichtenberger et al., Learning with multiple external representations in physics: Concreteness fading versus simultaneous presentation. Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 61(9), 2258-2290 (2024)
- T. Hynninen et al., Ongoing effects of pandemic-imposed learning environment disruption on student attitudes, Physical Review Physics Education Research 19, 010101 (2023)
- T. Kokkonen et al., Concreteness fading in learning secondary school physics concepts. Learning and Instruction, 77, 101524 (2022)
- T. Kokkonen & L. Schalk, One instructional sequence fits all? A conceptual analysis of the applicability of concreteness fading in mathematics, physics, chemistry, and biology education. Educational Psychology Review, 33(3), 797-821 (2021)
- T. Kokkonen & T. Mäntylä, Changes in university students’ explanation models of dc circuits. Research in Science Education, 48(4), 753-775 (2018)
- T. Kokkonen, Models as relational categories. Science & Education, 26(7), 777-798 (2017)

